Our first transcription of the 1911 census covers the colliery villages of Old Seaham and New Seaham, with 6,349 residents. The 1911 census was the first to use a single sheet per household and also the first to be filled in by the actual head of household rather than the enumerator. This census was supposed to cover all people who slept in the house on the night of April 1st, 1911. It asked some interesting questions of married persons about the duration of the current marriage, the number of children born to this marriage, and how many of those children were living. Naturally these questions caused some confusion. Some people who were on their 2nd or 3rd marriage reported all of their children by all marriages, so you may find instances of “married 2 years, 17 children born, 12 living, 5 dead”. Sometimes this information was crossed out when they realized the children reported were not from the current marriage, but luckily we can still read most of the cross-outs. Some people listed all of their children whether they were living or dead; sometimes the dead children were crossed out or had a “1″ marked in the Dead column. Some people listed their children who had married and were enumerated elsewhere; sometimes those children were crossed out, but not always, so you may find an ancestor twice in this census. Most widowed persons did not fill out the information about the duration of the current marriage or how many children they had, but some did.
Here is an example of children listed as dead – although their ages are not given, they are probably listed in their birth order within the family, although they seem to have listed all the sons before moving on to the daughters:
30 Cornish Street, New Seaham
Thomas Hutchinson, head, married, 53, coalminer, hewer, born Bowden Close, County Durham, married 23 years, 8 children born, 3 living, 5 dead
Hannah Hutchinson, wife, married, 51, born Calstock, Cornwall
Robert Hutchinson, son, dead
Thomas Hutchinson, son, 21, coalminer, pony putter, born New Seaham, County Durham
John Robert Hutchinson, son, 20, coalminer, pony putter, born New Seaham, County Durham
James Henry Hutchinson, son, 18, coalminer, staple lad, born New Seaham, County Durham
Hugh Hutchinson, son, dead
Moses Hutchinson, son, dead
Herbert William Hutchinson, son, dead
Herbert Hutchinson, son, dead
Pheobe Hutchinson, daughter, 26, born New Seaham, County Durham
Matthew Wilson, son-in-law, married, 28, coalminer, hewer, born Morton, County Durham
Isabella Wilson, daughter, married, 28, born New Seaham, County Durham
Annie Wilson, granddaughter, 2 days, born New Seaham, County Durham
John Cooper, lodger, widowed, 85, retired coalminer, born Newcastle, Northumberland
Based on these dead children’s ages in the 1901 census, they died before procreating, so you would not have to bother tracking any living descendants for them.
Here is an example showing 2 children listed who may also be enumerated elsewhere:
4 Cornish Street, New Seaham
William Watt, head, married, 45, coalminer, hewer at Seaham Colliery, born Middlesbrough, Yorkshire, married 24 years, 14 children born, 11 living, 3 dead
Mary Jane Watt, wife, married, 42, coalminer, putter at Seaham Colliery, born New Seaham, County Durham [Note: Occupation is probably written on the wrong line and applies to son George.]
Margaret A. Watt, daughter, 23, born New Seaham, County Durham [Note: This entry is crossed out. She may be enumerated with her employer's family.]
George W. Watt, son, 21, born New Seaham, County Durham
Annie Watt, daughter, 18, domestic servant, born Fence Houses, County Durham [Note: This entry is crossed out. She may be enumerated with her employer's family.]
Lily Watt, daughter, 16, born New Seaham, County Durham
John Watt, son, 12, scholar, born New Seaham, County Durham
Joseph Watt, son, 12, scholar, born New Seaham, County Durham
James Watt, son, 10, scholar, born New Seaham, County Durham
Mary Watt, daughter, 8, born New Seaham, County Durham
Elizabeth Watt, daughter, 8, born New Seaham, County Durham
Irene Watt, daughter, 7, born New Seaham, County Durham
Jane Ellen Watt, daughter, 3, born New Seaham, County Durham
Thomas Ramsgate(?) [Ramsdale(?)], lodger, 28, coalminer, stoneman, born South Shields, County Durham [Note: Surname is written over; hard to read.]
In this case, daughter Margaret Adamson Watt was about to be married in a couple of weeks and is enumerated with her Adamson grandparents in New Seaham. By the way, this is the family shown in the lower left corner of the home page of this site. The photograph was taken circa 1901 and features the mother & father plus Margaret Adamson W (13), George William (11), Annie (8), Lily (age 6, in the middle), twins Joseph and John (on the floor, age 1), and the baby James Adamson Watt. Lily is the grandmother of George Turns, a partner in this site.
Some other sites that host the 1911 census do not bother indexing the people who are crossed out, but in some cases those crossed-out names prove the parentage of children who are listed separately elsewhere, so they can be immensely valuable and therefore we index them.
It is estimated that several thousand women suffragettes protested their lack of voting rights by not filling out their 1911 census forms. The London Times reported this:
“One suffragette taking part in the boycott arranged by the Women’s Freedom League wrote: “If I am intelligent enough to fill in this paper, I am intelligent enough to put a cross on a voting paper.”
The Guardian reported:
Another has “No Votes for Women – No Census” stuck on a printed message across the return, with a handwritten addition: “No persons here, only women.”
Hundreds of young men and women gathered in large open-air meetings that were almost parties and stayed there all night so they could say they had not slept at home on the night of the census. We do not know if any such public protests occurred in County Durham.